European Eyed Lizard (Timon lepidus) Care Sheet

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Quick Facts

Scientific Name: Timon lepidus
Common Names: European Eyed Lizard, Jewelled Lizard
Origin: Southern and Western Europe (France, Spain, Portugal, Italy)
Adult Size: 50–90 cm (20–36 inches) total length, males typically larger than females
Lifespan: 10–20 years in captivity
Sex Differences: Males are larger, with brighter coloration and more prominent blue “eye spots” on the back; females are smaller and more muted in color
Beginner Suitability: Moderate – requires a large enclosure, heating, UVB, and careful diet management

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Enclosure

Size: Adults require a minimum of 120 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm (4 ft x 2 ft x 2 ft). Larger enclosures are strongly recommended. Juveniles can be housed in smaller enclosures (approx. 60 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm), but will need upgrading as they grow.

Substrate: Use a mix of sand and soil (70% sand, 30% soil) to allow burrowing. Alternatives include coco fibre or bioactive setups. Avoid loose substrates for juveniles to prevent accidental ingestion.

Hides: Provide at least two hides, one on the hot side and one on the cool side. Include naturalistic hides such as cork bark, logs, or rock caves.

Heating: Maintain a hot spot (basking area) of 35–38°C and a cool side of 24–27°C. Night temperatures can drop to 20–24°C. Use ceramic heat emitters or basking bulbs regulated with a thermostat.

Lighting: UVB lighting is essential. Use a 10–12% UVB bulb covering a significant portion of the enclosure. Provide a 12-hour light / 12-hour dark cycle.

Humidity: Maintain a humidity level of 40–60%. Mist lightly if necessary, but ensure good ventilation to prevent mold or respiratory issues.

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Diet

Primary Diet Type: Omnivore

Food Items: Feed gut-loaded insects such as crickets, locusts, mealworms, and roaches. Offer small amounts of leafy greens, vegetables, and fruits such as dandelion greens, collard greens, or grated carrot.

Feeding Frequency: Adults can be fed every other day; juveniles should be fed daily.

Feeding Troubleshooting: European Eyed Lizards may be selective. Vary diet items to encourage feeding. Dust insects with calcium at every feeding and a multivitamin supplement once per week. Ensure insects are appropriately sized (no larger than the width of the head).

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Water

Provide a shallow water dish with fresh, clean water at all times. Mist the enclosure lightly once or twice a week to provide hydration options, but avoid excess moisture.

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Behavior And Handling

European Eyed Lizards are territorial and generally should be housed alone, especially males. They can be defensive if threatened, so handle with care. Allow time to adjust to your presence before handling regularly. Use slow movements and support the body fully to avoid stressing the lizard.

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Enrichment

Include climbing structures such as branches, rocks, and logs, as these lizards are semi-arboreal. Provide enough substrate for digging and burrowing. Rearrange decor occasionally to encourage exploration.

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Health

Signs of Illness: Watch for lethargy, loss of appetite, abnormal stool, or difficulty shedding.

Shedding: Provide rough surfaces like rocks or logs to aid shedding. Monitor for retained shed around toes and tail.

Veterinary Care: Consult a reptile-specialist vet immediately if you notice any signs of illness.

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Lifespan

European Eyed Lizards can live 10–20 years in captivity with proper care, making them a long-term commitment.

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Legality In The UK

European Eyed Lizards are legal to keep in the UK. No licence is required for private ownership. Owners must comply with Welfare of Animals regulations.

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Difficulty Bars (Relative)